Lesson 5 Modern Ethernet- Hello Anh

100BaseTx (100 BaseT)

speed: 100 Mbps

signal type: Baseband

distance: 100 meters

node: upto 1024 per hub

topology: star-bus

cable: CAT5e or better UTP or STP RJ-45 connectors

A. if you have 10BaseT and need an upgrade

need NIC with 100BaseT
CAT5 cable
switch w/ 100BaseT NICs

B. multispeed auto-sensing 100BaseT

have auto-negociation for 10BaseT and 100 capability
techs call it a 10/100 NIC
all modern NICs are 10/100, auto-sensing

100BaseFx

speed: 100 Mbps

signal type: Baseband

distance: 2 km (remember the old 10BaseF has 2000 m)
node: upto 1024 per hub

topology: star-bus

cable: multimode fiber optic, ST or SC

I. Full-Duplex Ethernet

doesnt increase network speed, but double the bandwidth
disables CSMA/CD — elimiates collisions

II. Gigabit Ethernet

IEEE 802.3ab standard — 1000BaseT with 4 pair UTP, STP
IEEE 802.z standar — 1000BaseX
1000BaseX has three types: 1000BaseCx, 1000BaseSx, 1000BaseLx

A. 1000BaseCx

has unique cable, twinaxial cable or “twinax”
special shield 150-Ohm cables, length limit 25 meters
not popular

B. 1000BaseSx

multimode fiber optic cables
220–500 meters
850nm wavelength LED
looks similar to 100BaseFx but 1000BaseSx uses LC while 100BaseFx uses SC

C. 1000BaseLx

long distance carrier gigabit ethernet
single mode, laser cables
5 kilometers, some even 70 kilometers
looks like Sx connectors

III. New Fiber Connectors

problems with ST and SC connectors
ST is large, has twist-on
small form factor (SFF) connectors are used
mechanical transfer registered jack (MT-RJ) is popular with Cisco, common
local connector (LC), is popular in the US, also the most popular fiber connector
gigabit interface convertor (GBIC) is the standard for modular ports

IV. 10 Gigabit Ethernet ( 10 GbE)

new technology designed for fiber and 2 copper standard

A. Fiber-based 10GbE

i. challenges:

* maintain integrity of the Ethernet frame

* how to transfer frames at blazing speeds

ii. standards for WAN, SONET infrastructure over WAN fiber and also traditional WAN physical layer

iii. 10GbE standards defined by:

1. type of fiber

2. wavelength of laser/lasers

3. physical layer signaling type

The format of the 10 GbE looks like this:
10GBasexy:
x is for the type of fiber
y is for the physical layer signaling type
“R” for LAN-based signal or
“W” for SONET/WAN signal
ex: 10GbaseSy — uses short-lengh (850 nm) over MMF with max length of 300 meters

1. 10GBaseS”y” Types

10GBaseSR or 10GbaseSW
850nm wavelength
25–300 meters distance

2. 10GBaseL”y” Types

10GBaseLR or 10GBaseLW
longwave, 1310 nm
signal SMF
10 km distance

3. 10GbaseE”y” Types

extra long wavelength 1550 nm
SMF
max length is 40 km distance

Other Types not in CompNet+

10GBaseL4, 10GBaseLRM, 10GBaseZR

B. Copper-based 10GbE

10GBaseT, on CAT6 the max length is 55 meters, on the CAT6a the max length is 100 meters
10GbE physical connections — all 10GbE send and receive the same signal, only the physical medium is different
multisource agreements (MSAs) allow you to convert one media type to another by inserting the right transreceiver
ex: XENPAX MSA